OSP Journal of Nuclear Science

Using nuclear (proton) magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMRs) and relaxometry (NMRr) were studied fresh and used transformers oils. Changes in the molecular composition content was determined upon oil aging. Dependences of NMR spectra and NMR-relaxation parameters –spin-spin T_2i relaxation times  were received for transformers oils. Experimental results are interpreted on the base of exchange dynamical model.

Variations in the analysis of gamma-radioactivity records have a wide range of periods (from several minutes to a day or more), all spectra contain reliable periods of their own solar oscillations (up to 40 periods), long solar periods are also found in the oscillations of the Earth and the Moon. The discovered effects of the interaction of the neutrino flux with gamma radiation sources will allow a deeper study of the Sun, Earth's seismicity and other applied research. Further, this effect was called "anomalous neutrino radio - isotopic absorption", (ANRI effect). The study of periodicities is most effective in monitoring γ - radioactivity. When using the ANRI effect, it is very important to know the value of the neutrino capture cross section with radioactive elements. Two methods are used to determine - one is the Cavendish scale, the other is thermal. The consideration and application of these two completely different methods for estimating the capture cross section, taking into account the unusual nature of the recorded ANRI effect, has become extremely important. The torsional balance of the Cavendish KVK allowed experimentally determining the cross section for the capture of radioactive isotopes when exposed to a solar neutrino flux (~ 10^–12). The results obtained allowed us to move on to a new study — the characteristic features of the interaction of the neutrino flux from a supernova burst, the Sun and the Earth, and special detectors.

Dynamic Universe Model of Cosmology visualizes various processes that are happening in the Universe as per experimental evidences from the level of Galaxies to element forming. For simplifying the matter here, we will see in part1: about the Galaxy life cycle, where the birth and death of Galaxies discussed. Probably Universe gives guidance for the movement of Galaxies. We call this Part 1: Thinking and Reproducing Universe or Mindless Universe? (Galaxy life cycle).

We see every day Sun, Stars, Galaxies etc., dissipating enormous energy in the form of radiation by the way of fusion of Hydrogen to helium. Dynamic Universe Model says that the energy in the form of electromagnetic radiation passing grazingly near any gravitating mass changes in frequency and finally will convert into neutrinos (mass). Hence Dynamic Universe Model proposes another process where energy will be converted back into matter and the cycle energy to mass to energy continues, sustaining the Universe to maintain this present status for ever in this form something like a Steady state model without any expansion. This we will see in Part2:  Energy – Mass - Energy Cycle.

After converting energy into mass “how various elements are formed and where they are formed?” will be next logical question. Dynamic Universe Model says that these various particles change into higher massive particles or may get bombarded into stars or planets and various elements are formed. Here we bifurcate the formation of elements into 6 processes. They are for Elementary particles and elements generated in frequency changing process, By Cosmic rays, By Small stars, By Large Stars, By Super Novae and Manmade elements By Neutron Stars. This we will discuss in Part3: Nucleosynthesis.

In earlier articles the author suggested to extend the wave particle duality of physics to a triple, adding whirls. Whirls are mathematically computed differently than waves. Particles can be considered as a kind of bubble formation in other aggregate phase state. Wave equations have a

The Maxwell's vicious electromagnetic concept which can also be defined as electric magnetism occurred as a result of superficial and, exclusively, erroneous impression of the Great Theorist on the famous Oersted Experience.  The fateful concept for physical science: "electrons moving in a conductor are direct sources of a magnetic field", was put forward by Maxwell in the absence of knowledge of real physical processes occurring in a conductor with an electric current.  Paradoxical as it may see but this vicious concept, again thanks to the outward impression, has been accepted by the world physical community and dominates in physical science for almost 150 years, as an absolute truth. As the result the true sources of the magnetic field - real magnetic poles (magnetic charges) which are the structural components of atoms and substance, were “buried alive”.  The detection by author of real magnetic charges, as well as true antielectrons in the structures of atoms and substance allowed him else in 2012 to formulate the concept of the World Physical Triad (WPT) according to which the existing Physical World consists of three fundamental phases: Matter, Antimatter and Energo-phase (Energo-medium). The Matter phase is formed by electric and magnetic fundamental particles with negative charge, and the Antimatter phase is formed by electric and magnetic particles with positive charge. The Energo-phase is the isotropic gas-like medium of ultrahigh density formed by its own fundamental particles the energions, which are spinless and massless. It is the energions that are the constituents of spinor fields that are induced by charged particles in the Energo-phase. The WPT concept (model) includes all electric and magnetic fundamental particles that really exist in the real World, as well as particles of the Energo-phase, i.e. energons. Therefore, WPT is a natural replacement for the existing Standard Model which does not contain either magnetic charges, either a energions. In the framework of the WPT concept, the author, for example, managed to establish the electromagnetic device of atomic shells, to reveal the electromagnetic vortex nature of the gravitational field, to find out the physical nature and physics of the formation of spinor fields, and also to show the viciousness of Maxwell’s electric magnetism and the fallacy of existing representations of the relict radiation and annihilation in a pair of particles - antiparticle. Given the high degree of compliance of the WPT model with real-world physics, the article presents the main provisions of the Law on its conservation, which guarantees the status quo of the existing humans habitat.

All nuclei of elements consist of successive chain of nuclei of helium. Stability of nuclei of helium is provided by an exchange by mesons between nucleons. Division of uranium 235U takes place in a chain where value of energy of separation of nucleus of helium 4He close to the zero.

Successive chain of nuclei of helium or isotopes of nuclei of helium stability is provided by cooperation of nuclides.

After the severe accident happened at NPP Fukushima 1, the problem of increasing population radiophobia arose again. And that is hampering the process of development of nuclear power, which will play a great role in future and eliminate the release of carbon. One of the ways to rehabilitate the population confidence to the nuclear power is construction of reactors with high level of inherent self-protection and passive safety such as fast reactors with heavy liquid metal coolants. In the closed nuclear fuel cycle those reactors will operate in a mode of fuel self-providing without consumption of natural uranium. In those reactors there is no compression potential energy accumulated in coolant and chemical energy, which in case of the certain unlikely combination of initial events are able to cause radioactivity release requiring population evacuation. Such type reactors can be used both for construction of NPPs with large unit capacity power-units operating in a mode of base load, and for construction of nuclear power plants with small power modular reactors. Those nuclear power plants could be used for generation of electricity and heat, could be located near cities and replace coal electric plants. Due to absence of the large number of safety systems required in traditional type reactors and caused by natural properties of used coolants, the NPPs with such reactors can be more competitive. However, there must be the certain stage of their mastering.

For the first time, using a neutrino telescope and ANRI effect in the study of solar activity, a low class solar flare was recorded. Given the high theoretical and applied interest in nature and the manifestation of solar flares, we note that the neutrino telescope expands the capabilities of the researcher: the existence of the neutrino component of the solar flare is shown.

Due to the nature of its technology, nuclear power is subject to strict regulations and intense pressures over operational safety. Additionally, nuclear new build projects are increasingly facing a unique set of challenges including high commercial risk, deployment uncertainty, and cost and schedule overruns. In the West, technological innovation activities over the past three decades have struggled to overcome these challenges.

The nuclear industry is not alone; similar features characterised the space sector, but since 2008 it has been showing an increase in commercial activities. A comparative study with the U.S. space industry was conducted to analyse the innovation process that has evolved within the industry, since its long period of stagnation and constraint following the Challenger Accident in 1986. The study confirmed the need to drive institutional and organisational change within highly regulated industries to support technological innovation efforts within private-led initiatives.

This research focuses on the role of ancillary technologies and suggests that they are under-utilised in nuclear new build projects. An institutional change strategy is proposed to facilitate their adoption for faster, better, cheaper nuclear new build in the UK.  Parallel studies in the U.S. nuclear industry explored the case studies featured in this paper to drive innovation efforts in advanced nuclear technologies.

The variants of the implementation of the principle of least action in relativistic mechanics are analyzed. It is shown that the relativistic integral of the action has no extremes. The value of the integral is constant and depends only on the limits of integration. It is shown that the principle of least action cannot be implemented in the Minkowsky space due to the dependence of ds on dx_i. An inaccuracy made by A. Einstein in explaining mental experiments is described. “Compression scales” and “time dilation”, apparently, do not exist. To search for equations of motion, it is necessary to back to the classical principle of least action.

According to Dynamic Universe Model, our Universe is a Rotating Universe. In this model, electrons rotate about nucleus; Moons rotate about planets; Planets, asteroid and comets etc., rotate about stars; stars rotate about Galaxy center; Galaxies rotate about common center of local systems; and similarly Systems rotate in Ensembles, Aggregate, Conglomerations and Galaxy Clusters and so on and so forth. Galaxies coming near are Blue shifted and going away are red shifted. There are many blue shifted Galaxies in our universe. Here in this paper we will see different simulations to make such predictions from the output pictures formed from the Dynamic Universe model. There are some old and a few new simulations where different point masses are placed in different distances in a 3D Cartesian coordinate grid; and are allowed to move on universal gravitation force (UGF) acting on each mass at that instant of time at its position.  The output pictures depict the three dimensional orbit formations of point masses after some iterations.   In an orbit so formed, some Galaxies are coming near (Blue shifted) and some are going away (Red shifted). In this paper the simulations predicted the existence of a large number of Blue shifted Galaxies, in an expanding universe, in 2004 itself. Over 8,300 blue shifted galaxies have been discovered extending beyond the Local Group, was confirmed by Hubble Space Telescope (HST) observations in the year 2009. Thus Dynamic Universe model predictions came true.

The problem of proper quantum theory of the gravitational field, and thus understanding what is quantum spacetime, is still open and is discussed here.

So, we introduce here the term of CES to replace the erroneous term of “black hole”, since there can’t be a hole per se in the fabric of matter that exists in gaseous, liquid and solid states in spacetime continuum.

Accordingly, we attempt here to merge the loop quantum gravity (LQG) with quantum mechanics and general relativity, for per Einstein, gravity is not a force – it is a property of spacetime itself.

Hence, our CES loop quantum spring model (ill. 1) fits said property of spacetime and is based on our previously published unified theory and model  where we apply the string theory to loop quantum gravity by showing that a CES (formerly termed a “black hole”) is created by gravitational coupling of two linear superstrings in specified boundaries of open strings which are segments with endpoints, and closed strings which form closed loops. (Ill. 1)