Animal and Human Rights

The Open Scientific Publishers is committed to upholding the highest ethical standards in research involving human and animal subjects. Our policies ensure that all research adheres to rigorous ethical practices, safeguarding the rights and welfare of participants and animals.

Human Research:

1. Ethics Approval: All research involving human participants must receive approval from an accredited ethics committee or institutional review board (IRB) before data collection begins. This ensures that the study meets ethical standards and protects participants' rights.
2. Informed Consent: Authors must provide clear evidence that informed consent was obtained from all participants. This consent must be voluntary, with participants fully aware of the study's purpose, procedures, potential risks, and benefits.
3. Privacy and Confidentiality: Researchers must ensure the confidentiality of participants' personal information. Data should be anonymized or de-identified where possible to protect privacy.

Animal Research:

1. Ethical Guidelines: Research involving animals must comply with relevant national and international guidelines, such as the Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals. Authors are required to demonstrate adherence to these guidelines to ensure humane treatment of animals.
2. The 3Rs Principle: We require that all animal research follows the "3Rs" principle—Replacement, Reduction, and Refinement. This means researchers should seek alternatives to animal use where possible, minimize the number of animals used, and refine procedures to reduce suffering.
3. Ethics Review: Studies involving animals should have undergone review by an appropriate ethics committee or institutional animal care and use committee (IACUC) to ensure that animal welfare is prioritized.

Accountability: Authors are expected to declare compliance with these ethical standards upon submission. Failure to adhere to these policies may result in the rejection of the manuscript. The journal reserves the right to request additional documentation or clarification regarding ethical approvals if necessary.

By upholding these policies, the Open Scientific Publishers aims to promote ethical research practices and respect for all research subjects.